Eurasian Journal of Molecular and Biochemical Sciences

Comparison of Iflavirus Diversity in Agricultural and Forest Pest Lepidoptera

Gozde Busra EROGLU — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Iflaviridae is a novel and important family of viruses in the Picornavirales order that infects invertebrates. Iflaviruses are non-enveloped, linear, positive single-stranded RNA viruses. The importance of iflaviruses in agriculture and forestry is twofold, because these viruses, both cause economic loss by making insects such as honey bees and silkworm ill and prevent economic loss by making agricultural and forest pest insects ill. Therefore, iflaviruses contain highly interesting isolates that infect both beneficial and harmful insects in agriculture. Its genome structure, like most RNA viruses, has a very small genome size (8.8-10 kb), with a single open reading frame in the entire genome. The genomes of 14 infective iflaviruses that infect agricultural and forest pest insects from different countries have been analyzed so far. In this study, the similarity relationship between these 14 viruses, whose complete genomes are available, was analyzed according to the complete sequence of the polyprotein. The results showed that the virus isolates obtained from forest pest insects were closely related to each other. Similarly, it was revealed that the iflaviruses obtained from insects that damage agricultural products are more similar to each other. In addition, the results from this study support previous studies on adding a new genus to the Iflaviridae family, which has only one genus.

The effects CaO nanoparticles applications on Onobrycis sativa seedlings growth under mannitol stress

Büşra Yazıcılar, Ümmü Gülsüm Koç — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

In our study, two onobrycis sativa populaton (Uzuntekne, and Barış) were used as the material for the response to CaO NPs nanoparticulate. More DNSA and proline were collected in these two onobrycis sativa genotypes than in control seedlings while two genotypes were exposed to mannitol. Proline content highest at 150 mM mannitol and 1.5 ppm CaO while the minimum and maximum content was observed at 50–150 mM mannitol dosages. The collected of DNSA was greatly correlated with higher mannitol concentrations. Proline activities demonstrated an increasing trend against the increasing concentration of mannitol. In conclusion, the growth characteristics and physiological responses of onobrycis sativa increased, depending on genotype, mannitol and CaO dosage in the media and their interactions.

Melatonin and cisplatin synergistically enhance apoptosis via autophagy-dependent alteration of P53 transcription in human colorectal cancer cells

Süleyman Polat, Halime Topal, Nevra Aydemir Celep, Elif Erbaş, Adem Kara — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Cisplatin is one of the most general chemotherapeutic agents used to treat various cancers, including colorectal and breast cancer. because cisplatin has some adverse effects including cardiotoxicity and hepatoxicity, it is usage limited. Melatonin is a natural product that responsible for regulator of circadian rhythms and has anti-cancer potential. However, its synergistic effects with melatonin and cisplatin, its efficacy in cancer cell death, its mechanisms and biological targets are not well understood. In this study, it was aimed to determine the synergistic activity of cisplatin with melatonin in colon cancer cell death through apoptotic and autophagic mechanisms. In the present study, we found that melatonin with cisplatin treatment did not affect the cytotoxicity, but cisplatin increased in 24 h incubation period. Melatonin and combined treatment of melatonin and cisplatin also increased the cytotoxicity in 48h incubation period. It was observed that cisplatin treatments used together with melatonin and melatonin inhibited the mitogen activity of colon cancer cells. In addition, combined treatment of cisplatin and melatonin and single treatment of cisplatin increased both apoptosis and autophagic cell death. The results revealed that the use of melatonin with combined cisplatin has been shown to increase the apoptosis and autophagic cell deaths via P53 gene activation.

Determination of the Potential of 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan and L-tryptophan as Therapeutic Agents for Prostate Cancer

Özlem Özdemir Tozlu, Nursena Yüksel, Tuğba Gezmiş, Arzugül Tanas — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used as the standard treatment in prostate cancer, and this treatment has undesirable side effects over time. There is a need for more effective, safe compounds that occur naturally under the influence of these undesirable limitations. In this study, the anti-cancer potentials of 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) and L-tryptophan, which are thought to have various inhibitory potential on cancer and its mechanisms, were studied. The study results showed that 5-HTP has a significant inhibition in prostate cancer cells. This study is an important preliminary screening for new and effective molecule trials. In order to develop a possible treatment strategy and to use these molecules as new therapeutic agents, further studies are needed in order to obtain more comprehensive data on the mechanisms of action of these molecules and to investigate their possible effects in other cancer types, and the obtained data should be supported by these studies.

Investigation of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of olive leaf extract on colon cancer cells and normal cell lines

Emre Öztürk, Fatma Çalık, Derya Ulusoy — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when cells in the mucous layer membrane that surrounds the inner surface of the large intestine sections multiply unevenly. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of olive leaf extract on HTC-116 colon cancer cell line and HDF healthy cell lines.

In the study, olive leaf extract was prepared in methanol. The passaged HTC-116 and HDF cell lines were then incubated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). Olive leaf extract extracted in methanol was applied to these cell lines at 3, 10, 20, 50, and 80 µg/ml and left for incubation for 24 hours. Then, the cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT analysis. The genotoxic effect of olive leaf extracts applied to HTC-116 and HDF cell lines after a 24-hour incubation period was determined by Hoechst stain. DNA damage was visualized with a DAPI filter on a camera-attached trinocular fluorescence microscope 30 minutes after staining with Hoechst

The MTT analysis revealed that the cytotoxic effects of olive leaf extract applied to the HTC-116 cell line were close to each group after the 24-hour incubation period. As a result of the examination of the genotoxic activity with Hoechst DNA staining in colon cancer cells (HCT-116), olive leaf extract at various concentrations treated to the cell line had a minor genotoxic effect at low doses (3, 10, and 20 µg/ml), while at high concentrations (50 and 80 µg). /ml), the genotoxic effects of the applications were determined. In examining the genotoxic impact of Hoechst DNA staining in the HDF cell line, no genotoxic effect was observed at low doses (3, 10, and 20 µg/ml) of olive leaf extract applied to the cell line at various doses. The little genotoxic effects of high doses (50 and 80 µg/ml) were also observed.

Olive leaf contains phenolic substances and has antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, anticarcinogenic and antiviral effects.

Possible anti-inflammatory role of Probiotics in the treatment of Covid-19 disease

Volkan Gelen, Emin Şengül — Thu, 03 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Covid-19 is a viral disease that has recently become extremely dangerous and lethal. A severe inflammatory response develops as a result of the viral disease affecting the body. According to some research, the development of this response causes damage to various organs and tissues. Natural compounds may reduce or prevent the potential damage to the organism caused by this inflammatory response. Probiotics have powerful anti-inflammatory properties, according to new research. As a result, the potential anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in Covid-19 disease will be discussed in this study.